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Early years (1924–1931)

Stewart–Moore era (1932–1947)

The 1933 and 1937 teams won Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association championships.

Johnson era (1997–1999)

Denver Johnson was hired as head coach of the Racers prior to the 1997 season. Johnson had previously served as an offensive line coach for the Oklahoma Sooners during the 1996 season. Due to a late hiring process and the loss of several key Murray State players from the previous season, the Racers were not expected to perform well under Johnson's first year as head coach. The Racers exceeded expectations by achieving a record of 7–4 and 5–2 in OVC play in Johnson's first season. The four losses included a hard-fought two-point overtime loss at Western Kentucky in the Battle for the Red Belt rivalry game.

In 1998, the Racers went 7–4 overall and 5–2 in Ohio Valley Conference play, including a win over the rival Western Kentucky Hilltoppers in the Battle for the Red Belt and a victory over the Southern Illinois Salukis. The only home loss of the season was a 44–46 loss to Tennessee State on November 14 in the final game of conference play. The Racers would have won the 1999 OVC championship had it not been for the loss. At the conclusion of the game, Tennessee State tore down Murray State's home field goalposts at Roy Stewart Stadium and took the goalposts back to Tennessee State.

The 1999 season ended in a similar fashion as Tennessee State once again deprived the Racers of a conference championship by narrowly defeating the Racers in the final game of conference play in the 1999 season. The Racers fell to Tennessee State on the road in Nashville by a score of 41–42. Murray State finished the 1999 season with an overall record of 7–4 and an OVC record of 5–2 once again. The Racers were undefeated at home in the 1999 season. After three seasons at Murray State, Johnson was hired in January 2000 as the new head coach of the Illinois State Redbirds. In his three years at Murray State, Denver Johnson's overall record as head coach was 21–12. Johnson's .636 winning percentage is fifth best all time among Murray State head football coaches.

After Johnson began coaching at Illinois State, Johnson alleged that a former assistant under him at Murray State gave a copy of his playbook from Murray State to Northern Illinois University prior to a game between Northern Illinois and Illinois State on September 9, 2000. The game, a 52–0 loss, was the worst defeat for Illinois State in 40 years. Johnson alleged that the assistant was angry he was not asked to come to Illinois State when Johnson left Murray State. Northern Illinois coach Joe Novak denied having the Murray State playbook.

Pannunzio era (2000–2005)

In November 2002, the Racers won a share of the Ohio Valley Conference championship with a 37–35 win over an Eastern Illinois University squad led by future NFL quarterback Tony Romo. Murray State kicker Shane Andrus kicked the 52-yard game-winning field goal as time expired. Murray State finished the season 7–4–0 and 5–1–0 in conference, and the Racers received the OVC's automatic bid to the Division I-AA playoffs. In the first round of the NCAA Division I playoffs, the Racers faced off against the archrival Western Kentucky Hilltoppers on the road in Bowling Green, Kentucky. The Hilltoppers won the rivalry game 59-20 and went on to win the Division I-AA national championship.

In January 2003, former Florida State Seminoles quarterback Adrian McPherson announced that he had transferred to Murray State. As a sophomore at Florida State, McPherson started four games and appeared in nine games total, completing 80-of-155 passes for 1,017 yards with 12 TD passes and only one interception. McPherson had been removed from the Florida State team in November 2002 after being arrested and charged with stealing and forging a signature on a blank check. McPherson began attending classes at Murray State and planned to play football for the Racers. He was initially not expected to lose any college eligibility by transferring from Florida State to Murray State. As the ongoing investigation began to bring additional charges against McPherson, Murray State informed him that he would not allow him to play until his legal problems were resolved. McPherson dropped out of Murray State in early February 2003, less than a month after he transferred to the school. Murray State Athletic Director E.W. Dennison commented, "I think he realized his football career would be put on hold indefinitely. He's been at home for two weeks attending to legal matters, which has kept him away from classes and put him behind academically."

On April 29, 2005, Murray State coach Joe Pannunzio was placed on paid administrative leave following the arrest of a Murray State football player and a former player on drug trafficking and weapons charges. Ron Lane, a junior running back, and Terrence Biggers, a former wide receiver, were charged with trafficking in a controlled substance within 1,000 yards of a school and possession of drug paraphernalia. Following the incident, Athletic Director Allen Ward stated, "charges of this severity and magnitude demand stepped-up review of our football program." Ron Lane was removed from the team and both students were banned from campus.

Murray State finished the 2005 season with a winless conference record of 0–7–0 and an overall record of 2–9–0. In November 2005, Joe Pannunzio was notified that his contract would not be renewed. According to an interview several years later with former Murray State president F. King Alexander, Alexander explained Pannunzio's departure by stating, "I fired our football coach, Joe Pannunzio, because of numerous incidents that occurred in our program under him that were quite bad." Murray State's overall record under Pannunzio was 30–37–0 (.448), which left him as one of five Racer football coaches with overall losing records.

Griffin era (2006–2009)

Matt Griffin was named head coach of the Racers on December 12, 2005. Shortly after he was announced as the new head coach at Murray State, Griffin was honored by the Tennessee Sports Writers Association as Tennessee's College Football Coach of the Year after making considerable improvement as head coach of the University of Tennessee at Martin. The Skyhawks had not won a conference game in six years prior to Griffin's arrival. Under Griffin, the Skyhawks improved to 4–4 in OVC play and a 6–5 overall record by his third season in 2005. This was the first winning season for the Skyhawks since 1993.

Murray State hoped for similar improvement under Griffin, but instead the football program reached a low point under his leadership as head coach of the Racers. Griffin brought his entire coaching staff from UT-Martin to join him at Murray State. Griffin was faced with many challenges inherited from the previous Murray State coaching staff, including few returning players and APR penalties imposed by the NCAA. In Griffin's first season, the Racers went 1–10–0 overall and 0–8–0 in OVC play. In 2007, the Racers minimally improved to 2–9–0 overall and 1–7–0 in conference play. Griffin's third season was his best, leading the Racers to a 5–7–0 overall record and a 4–4–0 record in conference. In Griffin's fourth season, the Racers slipped back to 3–8–0 overall and 2–6–0 in OVC play. While Griffin was able to make improvements to stabilize and rebuild the program and restore academic integrity, he was ultimately unable to stop the decline that had started under previous coach Joe Pannunzio. Following four straight losing seasons and an overall record of 11–34–0, the lowest winning percentage in Murray State history (.244), Matt Griffin was fired on November 16, 2009.

Hatcher era (2010–2014)

In December 2009 Chris Hatcher was introduced as the new head football coach at Murray State. Hatcher brought his spread offense, known as the 'Hatch Attack', to Murray State after a three-year run at Georgia Southern. In his first year as head coach, Hatcher led the Racers to their first winning season in seven years by going 6–5 in 2010. A highlight of the season was the October 9, 2010 Homecoming game in which Murray State beat the Missouri State Bears by a score of 72–59. The show of offense led by quarterback Casey Brockman set the modern-day scoring record for the Racers, surpassing the previous modern-day record of 71 set against Iowa Wesleyan on Homecoming in 1967. Brockman went 32-for-41 in the game for a school record 570 yards and seven touchdowns. Brockman also rushed for 16 yards and an additional touchdown. With a victory over Tennessee State in the final game of the 2010 season, Chris Hatcher earned his 100th career win. Hatcher became the fifth youngest coach in college football history, youngest in the 21st century, to reach 100 coaching victories.

During the 2011 season, Murray State quarterback Casey Brockman made NCAA history by throwing for an FCS-record 422 yards in the first half of the game against Tennessee State. He went on to throw for 600 yards and seven touchdowns, becoming the fifth player in FCS history to throw for 600 yards in a game. On September 17, 2011, Murray State defeated Tennessee State 58–27 at home in front of 10,031 fans. The game against Tennessee State marked the largest crowd at a home game since 2000 and the largest crowd for a home opener since 1996. Following the 2011 season, Murray State quarterback Casey Brockman was selected as a Third-Team AP All-American, becoming the first Racer quarterback in history to earn All-America honors. Murray State finished the 2011 season with a 7–4 record, marking the first time the Racers posted back-to-back winning seasons since 1999–2000. As a result of the success, head coach Chris Hatcher was rewarded with a two-year contract extension in January 2012.

Prior to the start of the 2012 season, Murray State quarterback Casey Brockman was named to the Walter Payton Award Watch List, and he was named OVC Preseason Player of the Year for the second straight season. Roy Stewart Stadium also received minor upgrades prior to the 2012 season, including new press box windows and a new public address system. In the 52–14 win over Austin Peay in October 2012, Casey Brockman broke former Racer Michael Proctor's record for the most touchdown passes in school history with his 52nd career touchdown pass. In the same game, Brockman also passed former Eastern Illinois quarterback Tony Romo for third on OVC all-time passing list. In Chris Harcher's third season, the Racers finished 5–6 overall and 4–4 in OVC play. Casey Brockman and Walter Powell earned OVC all-conference first team honors. Brockman closed out his college career by going 359-for-517 for 3,729 yards and 28 touchdowns, as well as rushing for seven touchdowns, during the 2012 season. He finished sixth in voting for the 2012 Walter Payton Award. Walter Powell had the best season in school history for a receiver. Powell set new school records with 94 catches for 1,213 yards, and he became only the fourth Racer to catch 10 touchdown passes in a season.

Just prior to the start of the 2013 season, sophomore quarterback Maikhail Miller transferred to Murray State from the University of Mississippi, and he earned the starting QB position. Miller led the Racers to a 35-34 OT win over the Jacksonville State Gamecocks in the fifth game of the season. The victory was Murray State's first win over Jacksonville State since the Gamecocks joined the OVC in 2003.

Hatcher left after the 2014 season to coach the Samford Bulldogs.

Stewart era (2015–2019)

in December 2009 Mitch Stewart was promoted from offensive coordinator and quarterbacks coach to the 18th head football in Murray State Football history. Prior to Murray State Stewart served once again under Chris Hatcher as the receivers coach at Georgia Southern. During his first season in 2015 Stewart was the youngest head coach in Division 1 football. His tenure however got off to a rough start ending the season 7th in conference and with an overall record of 3–8.

During his second season in 2016, coach Stewart's team showed little improvement winning one more game. The team finished 4–7 overall and 6th in the OVC. in the off-season former star quarterback Casey Brockman was promoted to offensive coordinator.

His third season in 2017 proved to be no better, finishing 3–8 overall and once again 6th in conference. The Racers seemed to still be going through growing pains. Mitch Stewart in the Racers would start to turn things around in the next season.

In His fourth season in 2018 the Racers showed much improvement. The Racers got off to a rough start after facing two top ten FCS teams and the University of Kentucky but picked up in conference play. The Racers started off conference play winning the first four games in conference play. The Racers ended up finishing 5–6 overall and 5–3 in conference, ending the season 4th in the OVC. This was Stewart's best finish during his tenure with the Racers.

In Stewart's final season with the Racers in 2019 the Racers backtracked from the previous year. The Racers showed promise against the University of Georgia and seemed to be ready for conference play but that turned out to be an illusion. The Racers finished 4–8 overall and finished 2–6 in conference play landing in the 8th spot in the OVC. Stewart was removed from his position as head coach following the conclusion of the season.

Hood era (2020–2023)

In December 2019, Dean Hood was hired to be the 19th head coach at Murray State University. Prior to his hiring, Hood was the special teams coordinator and defensive backs coach at Kentucky. Hood had prior head coaching experience at Eastern Kentucky. During his tenure there, he had a head coaching record of 55–38 with three playoff appearances in 2008, 2011, and 2014 and a pair of OVC championships in 2008 and 2011.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Racers did not hold a fall season in 2020, as did the rest of the OVC. Instead, they played a 7-game conference-only spring season in early 2021. This is the first time this had happened in program history, so they faced a lot of adversity. However, Hood lead the Racers to one of the best turnarounds in the nation in his very first season, ending their season with a 5–2 record and narrowly missing out on an OVC championship.

Wright era (since 2024)

Murray State introduced Jody Wright as its 20th head football coach on January 10, 2024.